Difference between revisions of "How to use EPrints with HTTPS"

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==Add HTTPS Settings==
+
{{manual}}
  
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For each <tt>ARCHIVEID.xml</tt> file, fill in the <tt>securehost</tt> and <tt>securepath</tt> entries.
+
[[Category:Authentication]]
  
−
Example:
+
'''This guide is intended for EPrints 3.3 or later,<br/> but the [[Simplified_HTTPS_Configuration | Update]] may be more appropriate for the current version!'''
  
−
<archive id="demo">
+
'''N.B.''' Setting up your Apache Web server is beyond the scope of this document. Please see your operating system documentation and the Apache documentation for assistance in setting up Apache in your environment.'''
−
    ....
 
−
    <securehost>secure.mydomain.com</securehost>
 
−
    <securepath>/demo</securepath>
 
−
    ....
 
−
</archive>
 
  
−
The <tt>securehost</tt> is vhosted on the same server as your EPrints archive(s).
+
== Configuration ==
 +
Below is a list of variable names described in these instructions and example values of what they might be in a real-world configuration.
 +
{| border="1" cellpadding="10" cellspacing="0"
 +
!Variable
 +
!Example
 +
|-
 +
|EPRINTS_PATH
 +
|/opt/eprints3
 +
|-
 +
|YOUR-REPOSITORY-DOMAIN
 +
|example.eprints.org
 +
|-
 +
|REPOID
 +
|example
 +
|-
 +
|}
  
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Secure requests will be of the form <tt>https://securehost/securepath</tt>.
+
To start setting up your existing archive to work under HTTPS, you must first edit <code>EPRINTS_PATH/archives/REPOID/cfg/cfg.d/10_core.pl</code>. Initially it will probably look something like the configuration directly below,  which is the basic <code>10_core.pl</code> configuration file after you have run <code>EPRINTS_PATH/bin/epadmin create</code> to set up your archive.  Alternatively you could run <code>/opt/eprints3/bin/epadmin config_core REPOID</code> that will prompt you for the following information. It is suggested that you make a backup of the <code>10_core.pl</code> file regardless before proceeding.
  
−
<tt>securepath</tt> therefore differentiates requests from individual archives.
+
$c->{host} = 'YOUR-REPOSITORY-DOMAIN';
 +
$c->{port} = 80;
 +
$c->{aliases} = [];
 +
$c->{securehost} = &#39;&#39;;
 +
$c->{secureport} = 443;
 +
$c->{http_root} = undef;
  
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==Generate Secure Config==
+
Update the file to define the secure host and modify ports as needed.  If your Apache web server is not using the standard ports (80,443) you can adjust the <code>port</code> and <code>secureport</code> parameters in the config file accordingly.
  
−
  $ bin/generate_apacheconf
+
  $c->{host} = 'YOUR-REPOSITORY-DOMAIN';
 +
$c->{port} = 80;
 +
$c->{aliases} = [];
 +
$c->{securehost} = $c->{host};
 +
$c->{secureport} = 443;
 +
$c->{http_root} = undef;
  
−
As well as the usual apache configuration files, this will generate an <tt>auto-secure.conf</tt> file in each archive's <tt>cfg</tt> directory (2.3.13) or a series of auto-YOUR.SECURE.HOST.conf files in the main <tt>cfg</tt> directory.
+
Now, you need to create the directory <code>EPRINTS_PATH/archives/REPOID/ssl/</code> and then edit the file <code>REPOID/ssl/securevhost.conf</code>. This file should look something like below. If you are installing EPrints on Debian/Ubuntu based systems you will need to create a symlink <code>logs</code> in <code>/etc/apache2/</code> to point at <code>/var/log/apache2/</code>.  
 +
{{Securevhost.conf}}
  
−
==Set up Secure Host==
+
It is advised that you keep the SSL key, certificate and chain files in the same directory as <code>securevhost.conf</code>, as this will make it easy if you need to migrate you EPrints repository to a new server in the future.
  
−
Under Fedora Core 4, run:
+
== Generate the Apache Configuration File for HTTPS ==
 +
Run <code>EPRINTS_PATH/bin/generate_apacheconf --system --replace</code> to generate the secure Apache configuration files.  This will set up the repository configuration file located in the <code>EPRINTS_PATH/cfg/apache_ssl/</code> directory named <code>REPOID.conf</code>.
  
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$ yum install mod_ssl
 
  
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This sets up a test SSL server.
+
== Add the Main Apache Config File to SSL Config ==
 +
Depending upon the version of EPrints you are running there are a couple files that may be involved.  It is recommended to run <code>EPRINTS_PATH/bin/generate_apacheconf --man</code> or view the source of <code>EPRINTS_PATH/bin/generate_apacheconf</code> file to understand what file(s) need to be set up.  Apache will not yet have been set up to include <code>EPRINTS_PATH/archives/REPOID/ssl/securevhost.conf</code>.
  
−
===Certificates===
+
To include this, you will need to find the file that already includes <code>cfg/apache.conf</code>.  (For Red Hat/Fedora/CentOS Linux you will need to look in <code>/etc/httpd/</code>.  For Debian/Ubuntu Linux you will need to look in <code>/etc/apache2/</code>).  Then add the following line afterwards
  
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For a production system, you would need to provide the relevant certificates and tweak the mod_ssl config accordingly - see:
+
Include EPRINTS_PATH/archives/*/ssl/securevhost.conf
  
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* [http://httpd.apache.org/docs/2.2/mod/mod_ssl.html Apache Module mod_ssl]
+
== Restart Apache to pick up the changes to the Apache configuration ==
−
* [http://www.modssl.org/docs/2.8/ssl_faq.html mod_ssl FAQ]
+
Consult your operating system documentation on how to restart service processes but in general you need to run one of the following commands either as <code>root</code> or using <code>sudo</code>:
  
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Create a <tt>server.key</tt> on the EPrints server (remembering the passphrase you enter):
+
=== For Red Hat/Fedora/CentOS Linux ===
 +
/sbin/service httpd restart
  
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  $ openssl genrsa -des3 -out server.key 1024
+
=== For Debian/Ubuntu Linux ===
 +
Before restarting Apache make sure <code>mod_ssl</code> is enabled:
 +
  a2enmod ssl
 +
Then restart Apache:
 +
/etc/init.d/apache2 restart
  
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Create a certificate request:
+
== Confirmation ==
 +
Open your web browser and access your repository via its URL, this should be done over HTTP.  When you click to login you should notice that you will be redirected to an HTTPS connection.<br/>N.B. Any task that require you to be logged in will be redirected to an HTTPS connection otherwise an HTTP request will be used by default.
  
−
  $ openssl req -new -key server.key -out server.csr
+
== HTTPS Only ==
 +
EPrints default HTTPS configuration is usually sufficient for most institutions needs, as there is no absolute need to encrypt the requesting and sending of Open Access research. However, if you wish to only ever use HTTPS, then follow the instructions for [[HTTPS-only and HSTS]].  HSTS (HTTP Strict Transport Security) ensures that even if the link you click on is for HTTP, your web browser will convert this to HTTPS before making the request.  Meaning you will never send any un-encrypted traffic to EPrints. It also helps reduce the load on your repository's server, as it save it having to do the HTTP to HTTPS redirection.
  
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The important thing when answering the questions is the CommonName: if ultimately the secure web address of your EPrints server is <tt>https://www.myeprints.com</tt>, then the CommonName value to enter is exactly <tt>www.myeprints.com</tt>.
+
It is generally a good idea to enable HSTS even on repositories with default HTTPS configuration, in case there are any errant bespoke links that could send private information using HTTP.  This can be done by adding the following line to <code>EPRINTS_PATH/archives/REPOID/ssl/securevhost.conf</code> after the <code>ServerName</code> line and then restarting Apache again:
  
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Send the <tt>server.csr</tt> file to your Certificate Authority administrator, who should send you back a <tt>.cer</tt> file.
+
  Header set Strict-Transport-Security "max-age=15780000"
−
 
 
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Copy <tt>server.key</tt> and the <tt>.cer</tt> file to the following locations:
 
−
 
 
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  /etc/httpd/conf/ssl.key/server.key
 
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/etc/httpd/conf/ssl.crt/eprints.cer
 
−
 
 
−
Modify <tt>/etc/httpd/conf.d/ssl.conf</tt> accordingly:
 
−
 
 
−
SSLCertificateFile /etc/httpd/conf/ssl.crt/eprints.cer
 
−
SSLCertificateKeyFile /etc/httpd/conf/ssl.key/server.key
 
−
 
 
−
===Include EPrints SSL config===
 
−
 
 
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Include each <tt>auto-secure.conf</tt> file generated by EPrints inside the <tt>Virtualhost</tt> directive.
 
−
 
 
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On FC4, edit <tt>/etc/httpd/conf.d/ssl.conf</tt>:
 
−
 
 
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<VirtualHost _default_:443>
 
−
    ....
 
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    Include /opt/eprints2/archives/ARCHIVEID/cfg/auto-secure.conf
 
−
</VirtualHost>
 
−
 
 
−
If you have set up SSL certificates, you will be asked to enter your passphrase when you restart apache. To override this, see [http://www.modssl.org/docs/2.8/ssl_faq.html#remove-passphrase How can I get rid of the pass-phrase dialog at Apache startup time?].
 
−
 
 
−
==Create Template for Secure Pages==
 
−
 
 
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Make a copy of <tt>template-en.xml</tt>:
 
−
 
 
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$ cp template-en.xml template-secure-en.xml
 
−
 
 
−
In a multi-language archive, you would need to do this for each language-specific template.
 
−
 
 
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It's a good idea to have a visual differentiation between secure and non-secure pages, e.g. edit <tt>template-secure-en.xml</tt> and add "(SECURE)" to the title of the page.
 
−
 
 
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Some browsers will complain if images/CSS etc. embedded in a secure page are served by the non-secure host. To solve this, add a new entity to <tt>ArchiveConfig.pm/sub get_entities</tt>:
 
−
 
 
−
$entities{https_base_url} = "https://" . $archive->get_conf("securehost") . $archive->get_conf("securepath");
 
−
 
 
−
Now replace image/CSS <tt>base_url</tt>s with <tt>https_base_url</tt>.
 

Latest revision as of 13:31, 6 August 2019

Manual Sections

This guide is intended for EPrints 3.3 or later,
but the Update may be more appropriate for the current version!

N.B. Setting up your Apache Web server is beyond the scope of this document. Please see your operating system documentation and the Apache documentation for assistance in setting up Apache in your environment.

Configuration

Below is a list of variable names described in these instructions and example values of what they might be in a real-world configuration.

Variable Example
EPRINTS_PATH /opt/eprints3
YOUR-REPOSITORY-DOMAIN example.eprints.org
REPOID example

To start setting up your existing archive to work under HTTPS, you must first edit EPRINTS_PATH/archives/REPOID/cfg/cfg.d/10_core.pl. Initially it will probably look something like the configuration directly below, which is the basic 10_core.pl configuration file after you have run EPRINTS_PATH/bin/epadmin create to set up your archive. Alternatively you could run /opt/eprints3/bin/epadmin config_core REPOID that will prompt you for the following information. It is suggested that you make a backup of the 10_core.pl file regardless before proceeding. 

$c->{host} = 'YOUR-REPOSITORY-DOMAIN';
$c->{port} = 80;
$c->{aliases} = [];
$c->{securehost} = '';
$c->{secureport} = 443;
$c->{http_root} = undef;

Update the file to define the secure host and modify ports as needed. If your Apache web server is not using the standard ports (80,443) you can adjust the port and secureport parameters in the config file accordingly. 

$c->{host} = 'YOUR-REPOSITORY-DOMAIN';
$c->{port} = 80;
$c->{aliases} = [];
$c->{securehost} = $c->{host};
$c->{secureport} = 443;
$c->{http_root} = undef;

Now, you need to create the directory EPRINTS_PATH/archives/REPOID/ssl/ and then edit the file REPOID/ssl/securevhost.conf. This file should look something like below. If you are installing EPrints on Debian/Ubuntu based systems you will need to create a symlink logs in /etc/apache2/ to point at /var/log/apache2/. 

<VirtualHost *:443>

  ServerName YOUR-REPOSITORY-DOMAIN:443

  ErrorLog logs/ssl_error_log
  TransferLog logs/ssl_access_log
  LogLevel warn

 SSLEngine on
 SSLProtocol all -SSLv2 -SSLv3 -TLSv1 -TLSv1.1
 SSLHonorCipherOrder on
 SSLCipherSuite ECDHE-ECDSA-AES256-GCM-SHA384:ECDHE-RSA-AES256-GCM-SHA384:ECDHE-ECDSA-CHACHA20-POLY1305:ECDHE-RSA-CHACHA20-POLY1305:ECDHE-ECDSA-AES128-GCM-SHA256:ECDHE-RSA-AES128-GCM-SHA256:ECDHE-ECDSA-AES256-SHA384:ECDHE-RSA-AES256-SHA384:ECDHE-ECDSA-AES128-SHA256:ECDHE-RSA-AES128-SHA256

  SSLCertificateFile EPRINTS_PATH/archives/REPOID/ssl/YOUR-REPOSITORY-DOMAIN.crt
  SSLCertificateKeyFile EPRINTS_PATH/archives/REPOID/ssl/YOUR-REPOSITORY-DOMAIN.key
  SSLCertificateChainFile EPRINTS_PATH/archives/REPOID/ssl/YOUR-REPOSITORY-DOMAIN.ca-bundle

  SetEnvIf User-Agent ".*MSIE.*" \
    nokeepalive ssl-unclean-shutdown \
    downgrade-1.0 force-response-1.0

  CustomLog logs/ssl_request_log \
    "%t %h %{SSL_PROTOCOL}x %{SSL_CIPHER}x \"%r\" %b"

  Include EPRINTS_PATH/cfg/apache_ssl/REPOID.conf

  PerlTransHandler +EPrints::Apache::Rewrite

</VirtualHost>

It is advised that you keep the SSL key, certificate and chain files in the same directory as securevhost.conf, as this will make it easy if you need to migrate you EPrints repository to a new server in the future.

Generate the Apache Configuration File for HTTPS

Run EPRINTS_PATH/bin/generate_apacheconf --system --replace to generate the secure Apache configuration files. This will set up the repository configuration file located in the EPRINTS_PATH/cfg/apache_ssl/ directory named REPOID.conf.


Add the Main Apache Config File to SSL Config

Depending upon the version of EPrints you are running there are a couple files that may be involved. It is recommended to run EPRINTS_PATH/bin/generate_apacheconf --man or view the source of EPRINTS_PATH/bin/generate_apacheconf file to understand what file(s) need to be set up. Apache will not yet have been set up to include EPRINTS_PATH/archives/REPOID/ssl/securevhost.conf.

To include this, you will need to find the file that already includes cfg/apache.conf. (For Red Hat/Fedora/CentOS Linux you will need to look in /etc/httpd/. For Debian/Ubuntu Linux you will need to look in /etc/apache2/). Then add the following line afterwards 

Include EPRINTS_PATH/archives/*/ssl/securevhost.conf

Restart Apache to pick up the changes to the Apache configuration

Consult your operating system documentation on how to restart service processes but in general you need to run one of the following commands either as root or using sudo:

For Red Hat/Fedora/CentOS Linux

/sbin/service httpd restart

For Debian/Ubuntu Linux

Before restarting Apache make sure mod_ssl is enabled: 

a2enmod ssl

Then restart Apache: 

/etc/init.d/apache2 restart

Confirmation

Open your web browser and access your repository via its URL, this should be done over HTTP. When you click to login you should notice that you will be redirected to an HTTPS connection.
N.B. Any task that require you to be logged in will be redirected to an HTTPS connection otherwise an HTTP request will be used by default.

HTTPS Only

EPrints default HTTPS configuration is usually sufficient for most institutions needs, as there is no absolute need to encrypt the requesting and sending of Open Access research. However, if you wish to only ever use HTTPS, then follow the instructions for HTTPS-only and HSTS. HSTS (HTTP Strict Transport Security) ensures that even if the link you click on is for HTTP, your web browser will convert this to HTTPS before making the request. Meaning you will never send any un-encrypted traffic to EPrints. It also helps reduce the load on your repository's server, as it save it having to do the HTTP to HTTPS redirection.

It is generally a good idea to enable HSTS even on repositories with default HTTPS configuration, in case there are any errant bespoke links that could send private information using HTTP. This can be done by adding the following line to EPRINTS_PATH/archives/REPOID/ssl/securevhost.conf after the ServerName line and then restarting Apache again: 

Header set Strict-Transport-Security "max-age=15780000"
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